Basic underwater cave surveying

The first ever book of underwater cave exploration and mapping techniques including chapters on cartography and copyrights by a world renown author and underwater cave explorer. This book is the culmination of underwater technique development over a period of years and hundreds of underwater cave dives by the author and which incorporate and integrate safety techniques and procedures into the mapping techniques and procedures. Various grades of accuracy are discussed and techniques differentiated among these grades. These grades are coordinated with the dry cave survey accuracy techniques wherein the reader may know and understand the methods of data taking and recording by the accuracy grade assigned as used by the National Speleological Society and used throughout the world.